Defining genes that drive myelin formation

Dr Samantha Barton

The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC

July 2026

Specialisation: Cures for MS via repair and regeneration, Epidemiology, Genetics

focus area: A cure via repair and regeneration

funding type: Incubator

project type: Investigator Led Research

Summary

In multiple sclerosis (MS), the body’s immune system attacks myelin, the protective coating around the nerves, leaving them exposed and vulnerable to damage. While many treatments aim to slow or prevent this damage, there are currently no therapies that can repair the brain once damage has occurred.

In Dr Samantha Barton’s laboratory, researchers have developed an advanced model using human stem cells to grow ‘mini brains’ in the lab. These mini brains contain myelin, and the team is a world leader in generating them.

This project aims to understand which genes are important for producing myelin in these mini brains. By identifying these genes, the team hopes to find new drugs that could promote myelin repair, with the long-term goal of helping to repair damage in people living with MS.

lead investigator

co-investigators

total funding

$25,000

start year

2026

duration

1 year

STATUS

Current project

Stages of the research process

Fundamental laboratory Research

Laboratory research that investigates scientific theories behind the possible causes, disease progression, ways to diagnose and better treat MS.

Lab to clinic timeline

10+ years

Translational Research

Research that builds on fundamental scientific research to develop new therapies, medical procedures or diagnostics and advances it closer to the clinic.

Lab to clinic timeline

5+ years

Clinical Studies and Clinical Trials

Clinical research is the culmination of fundamental and translational research turning those research discoveries into treatments and interventions for people with MS.

Lab to clinic timeline

3+ years

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Defining genes that drive myelin formation